jueves, 7 de junio de 2018

Cristiano Ronaldo

USAIN BOLT

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Football Origins

There is evidence found which reveals that civilizations such as the Mayans, the Aztecs, and the Incas have played games similar to football
Maybe this is one of the reasons why South American national teams have been so dominant in modern football. Their love affair with game has been there for thousands of years.
As early as 3000 BC, in the land of what is today's Mexico, the Aztecs and other peoples invented games that could have served their religious and political aspirations, in contrast with the military-minded games of ball of the Chinese and the Romans.
Some peoples such as the Tainos, pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Bahamas, used the game as a bonding ceremony between their tribes and communities. The celebration was also coupled by dancing, singing and feasts. The game that resembled football was usually played on a cemented field which was lined with stones.
Another ancient game, called Tlachtli, played in South America by the Aztecs rivaled the Chinese Tsu’Chu as to which one was the oldest. It was played in every major city in the Aztec empire and served an important role in their religious rituals. Tlachtli was sacred for the Aztecs and was used for deeply religious purposes.
The game was played on courts, usually placed near a temple to emphasize the sacred meaning of the game.
The game itself was a mix of some of our modern games such as volleyball, basketball and football. The use of hands was prohibited, and the ball that was usually used was made of natural rubber.
The object of Tlachtli was to put a ball into a hoop, approximately 30 centimeters wide, and in this way defeat the opposing team (It must be noted that it was quite difficult to do that).
There were also penalty points given to the opposing team when a player used his hand or if the ball touched the ground. Whatever the score was if a team was successful in putting the ball through the hoop they were immediately pronounced winners.
It was an entirely different thing when it came to the rewards for the win. In some cultures across ancient South America, the “fortunate” winners were sacrificed to the gods. In others, which was most often the case, the losers of the game Tlachtli were the ones who were sacrificed.
Another ancient game with similarities to modern football originated in the Far East, specifically Japan.
They called it Kemari. It is believed that the game has been influenced by its Chinese counterpart Tsu’Chu. Kemari originated around year 600, during the Asuka period.
The game involved kicking about a ball, called Mari, made of deerskin with the hair facing inside, filled with barley grains, and it was sewn together using horse skin.
The kicker of the ball was called Mariashi. It was not as spectacular as the Chinese game and it was not that competitive but it still involved a lot of exercise for the whole body.
The Japanese Kemari was considered a game that produces a dignified and ceremonial experience in whoever took part in it. It still plays an important part in the Japanese culture even today.
The games of ball that were played throughout the world during these times had very little in common with their modern counterpart.
Nevertheless, they played an important role in the cultures of the great civilizations then, and served a variety of social needs. We would not be wrong to say the same about our modern game of football.
After all, history just shows the path that led it to become what it is today.

FASES DE LA SALIDA BAJA POSICION A SUS MARCAS - Carreras con Vallas

rules of the football

FOOTBALL FEMININE TEAM

miércoles, 6 de junio de 2018

How to improve your start speed by Usain Bolt


SPEED


THE MAGIC OF ZINEDINE ZIDANE

3 simple ways to improve your running speed.


METHOD 1 - INTERVAL TRAINING

1. Begin your workout. Warm up by walking or slowly jogging for five minutes.
2. Run at a moderate pace for fifteen minutes. Run at a pace that isn’t too difficult but keeps your heartrate up. Aim for 70-80% of your fastest running speed.
3. Begin the interval training. This is the part of the exercise that improves your endurance and builds muscle. Run for one minute at your maximum speed, working hard to bring up your heart rate and exhaust your muscles. Then walk for two minutes, letting your muscles cool down.
4. Repeat this process four times. Repetition is important because it forces your system to absorb oxygen more efficiently. Over time, this raises the maximum amount of oxygen you can have in your blood. The more oxygen you have, the harder and faster you’ll be able to run!
5. Cool down. Walk for another five minutes

METHOD 2 - IMPROVING BY STRETCHING
1. Stretch before you begin running. It’s important to loosen up your muscles before you begin to exercise. This can prevent injuries and reduces the risk of cramps while you run.
2. Do some leg swings. Hold on to a sturdy object such as a chair. Stand on one leg and swing your other leg forward and backwards. Repeat for both legs.
3. Stretch after you run. Even though you’ll be exhausted from running, it’s important to stretch so that your muscles don’t cramp up.
4. Do two sets of standing calves. Face a wall and press your palms against the wall at chest-level.

METHOD 3 - IMPROVING THROUGH STRENGTH TRAINING. 

1. Visit the gym three times a week. If you don’t spend time building your muscles at the gym, you can injure yourself running or hit a “performance plateau.” This means that you don’t see any improvement for a long period of time despite training harder and harder.
2. Do some squats using dumbbells. Choose some relatively light dumbbells. Spread your feet about shoulder-width apart and point your toes forward. Hold the dumbbells in your arms down against your side. Lower yourself down into a squatting position, keeping your knees under your toes and extending your rear backwards. Do several repetitions of this exercise.
3. Do some planks. Lie down on the floor or on a yoga mat. Put your hands directly underneath your shoulders a shoulder-width apart. Straighten your back and neck, creating a straight line with your body. Hold this position for a minute before resting.
4. Do a set of pushups.








FOOTBALL RULES



Football laws:

Number of Players.  Two teams of no more than 11 players (one of which is the goalkeeper).  A game cannot start if either team has less than 7 players.

Referee.  The referee ensures the Laws of the Game are respected and upheld.

Assistant Referees.  There may be at most 2 assistant referees.

Duration of the Match.  The game is played in 2 halves consisting of 45 minutes each.  The half time interval must not exceed more than 15 minutes.  At the discretion of the referee more time is allowed to compensate for any stoppage during play e.g.  Due to substitutions or care and attention of injured players.

Start and Restart of Play.  A kick-off starts play at the start of the match or after a goal.  A kick-off involves one player kicking the ball, from stationary, forward from the centre spot.  All players must be in their own half prior to kick-off.  A coin is tossed pre-game,  the team which loses the toss are awarded the kick-off to start the game whilst the team that win the toss are allowed to choose which direction they want to play.  After half time the teams switch direction and the other team will kick-off.  After a goal is scored, the team which conceded the goal will kick-off to restart play. 

Method of Scoring.  The ball crosses the goal line inside the goal mouth.

Offside.  It is an offence for a player to be in contact with the ball when they are closer to the opponents' goal than both the ball and the second-last opponent.   The offside rule exists to ensure there are always opponents (generally the goal keeper and a defender)  between a player receiving the ball and the goal.  Without the offside rule, play can become boring with repeated long balls being kicked to a player stood next to the goalkeeper for an easy goal.

Fouls/Misconduct.  These are many and varied, broadly speaking it is an offence to use excessive force whilst playing the game either deliberately or undeliberately or to handle the ball (unless you are a goal keeper).  The referee may show the yellow card to caution players for less serious offences and the red card for more serious offences resulting in the player being sent off.  Two yellow cards are equivalent to one red card.

Free Kicks.  Are given by the referee for fouls and misconduct. A free kick can either be direct or indirect.  A goal can be scored directly from a direct free kick.  A goal can only be scored from an indirect free kick if it touches at least one other player first.  The free kick must be taken from a stationary position with that position varying depending on whether the free kick was given inside or outside the goal area and whether it's direct or indirect.  The opposing team must be a minimum of 9.15 m from the ball when the free kick is taken.
Penalty Kicks.  Are given against a team when they commit an offence which would normally be awarded a direct free kick inside their goal area.  The ball is kicked from stationary from the penalty spot.  The opposing team must be outside of the penalty area and at least 9.15 m from the ball.

Throw-in.  Used to restart play after the whole of the ball has crossed the touch line.

Goal kick.  Used to restart play after a goal has been scored.

Corner Kick. Is given when the whole of the ball crosses the goal line and was last touched by a member of the defending team (and no goal was scored).  A corner kick is taken from inside the corner arc



http://www.rulesoffootball.co.uk/

LISA ZIMOUCHE

Speed

Speed ​​is the physical capacity that allows us to carry out motor actions in the shortest possible time. Speed ​​types: - AVERAGE SPEED: This speed shows in a certain time interval and is calculated by dividing the displacement by time. - INSTANT SPEED: Through this you can know what is the speed of a particular object that moves in a path that is characterized by a very short period of time, so the space traveled will be too. - RELATIVE SPEED: This is established from two observers and arises from the value of the speed of one of the observers that has been measured by another. - REACTION SPEED: Is the ability to respond to a stimulus in the least amount of time. - ACTION SPEED: This is defined in the ability to maintain maximum speed. - RESISTANCE SPEED: The ability to achieve short reactions at maximum speed. - GESTURAL SPEED: It is the ability to respond, in the least amount of time possible, to a gesture. - SPEED OF DISPLACEMENT OR TRANSFER: It is determined by the relation of a certain route in a shorter possible time. - MENTAL SPEED: It is the speed in which it responds to a verbal or motor stimulus. FACTORS THAT DETERMINES THE SPEED. There are some important factors on which speed depends, are: Types of muscle fibers: The speed of contraction of a muscle depends, to a large extent, on the type of fibers that compose it. There is a great relationship between the percentage of fast fibers, type II or white and the speed of movements. Practitioners and athletes of speed activities have a predominance of fast or white fibers, which can make us think that it is a factor that determines improvements in performance of this capacity.

How to Improve Your Passing Accuracy in Football | Tips


How to improve your speed

1. Start with Wall Drivers

The most important part of sprinting is the start. To practice the correct starting form:
  • Stand in front of a wall in a two-point stance, as shown in the following video.
  • Drive into the wall, achieving triple extension (hip extension, knee extension, ankle plantar flexion) on your back leg, and drive your front knee forward and up to hip height. Your front knee should be bent at 90 degrees in the top position.

2. Perform Heavy Sled Drags
Another way to practice efficient acceleration at the start is to perform Heavy Sled Drags for 10 to 15 yards. To be considered "heavy," the weight on the sled should be close to your max Squat. The key here, as with Wall Drives, is to achieve triple extension on the back leg while powerfully driving your front knee forward. Then drive your front foot down and back into the ground to propel yourself forward instead of reaching out and "pulling" yourself forward.
3. Dvelop Isometric and Eccentric Hamstring Strength
The best way to train your hamstrings to improve running speed is to perform eccentric and isometric exercises. When running, the hamstrings don't act primarily as knee flexors. Instead, they work to keep the knee joint stable as force transfers from the hips. They also assist the glutes in hip extension and slow down knee extension during the swing phase.
For isometric strength, do Bent-Knee Hip Thrusts on a ball or bench for three sets of 10 to 15 reps. Start with your knees at a 10- to 20-degree bend and maintain that angle throughout the entire exercise by contracting your hamstrings. Don't rest your butt on the ground. Just tap and go. Add weight in the form of a barbell or dumbbell placed across your waist if necessary.

4. Use Good Arm Swing Mecanics
An easy way to speed up your sprint is to make sure your arms are moving efficiently. As you run, keep your elbows at 90 degrees and bring each hand up in front of your face. Lower your hand as if you're about to put it in your pocket. Don't let yourself hunch forward with slouched shoulders; it will slow you down.
The Rev-Up Start is a good drill to ingrain good arm swing mechanics. Get into a two-point stance and move your arms as if you were running. Keep your shoulders back and your arms at 90 degrees. After a few practice arm swings, take off into a sprint and maintain focus on your arm swing.

5. Improve Stride Length
Many runners make the mistake of taking lots of short, choppy steps when they try to run fast. A better option is to take longer strides, and make them as powerful as possible. To lengthen your stride, focus on getting full triple extension on your back leg, rather than attempting to reach forward with your front leg. If your foot lands in front of your center of gravity during acceleration, it will slow you down; so focus on driving your feet back at ground strike instead of just letting your feet smack the ground.

René Higuita


lunes, 4 de junio de 2018

THE PRINCIPAL RULES OF THE FOOTBALL

THE PRINCIPAL RULES OF THE FOOTBALL

Rules:
1- A football match lasts 40 minutes, with 20 minutes every period, and a rest of 15 minutes. The time of game is royal, that is to say; it is timed.

2- Two launches exist of penal, one from six meters, when a player commits a lack inside his own area; and other one from 10 meters, which one gives after an equipment has accumulated five lacks.

3- The football has four umpires, two that deal what happens in the field, while other two take charge of the time and of the accumulated lacks.

4- In a football match room does not exist out of game, for what the defensive tactics are different. Normally, the half of the equipment (doorman and other two players) has to remain behind.

5- The planchazos on the adversary on having disputed the ball are not allowed, the distances in the barriers are five meters and when a party defines for shots from the point penalty, are initially three.

6- When a player is expelled, his equipment must play with four football players in a time of 2 minutes, until a goal is marked. Only after this, it will be able to complete the list of 5 players.

7- Every equipment can ask a dead time of a minute per period. The trainer must request it at any time in that his equipment has the ball.

8- Volatile substitutions are allowed, that is to say; they can change with the ball into game and the one that goes out can enter again.

9- On having had a minor duration and a limited space, the speed, the skill and the technology receive major importance, due to this, it is not valid to annotate a goal directly of one extract of exit.

10- Extract of band it is realized by the foot, for the site where it left the field, and if a player delays more than four seconds in doing it to him, is granted to the opposite equipment.

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Ten Ways to Improve Speed

Ten Ways to Improve Speed

Carl Lewis ran 9.92 seconds at the Seoul Olympics for a new American record in the 100 meters. Lewis won the gold medal after Ben Johnson tested positive for steroids. Lewis stated that he had run as fast as he could, but this wasn’t true. Lewis made four critical errors and probably could have run as fast as 9.87 seconds that day. First, he turned his head three times to look at Johnson—that’s three errors. Because he turned his head, Lewis was unable to be as fluid as he could have been. His fourth error was letting up 2 or 3 yards (2-3 meters) before the finish line.
The point of this story is that paying attention to the details is essential to improving your speed, even with elite athletes such as Carl Lewis. With that lesson, here are 10 guaranteed ways to improve your speed:
1. Sprint train twice per week, minimum.
2. Run 10 sprints, varying from 10 to 50 yards (9-46 meters).
3. Time your sprints twice per month (record and chart all times).
4. Sprint all year round. In bad weather, run the 20-yard (18-meter) dash for time indoors.
5. Use video analysis. It can be extremely valuable!
6. Perform flexibility training six times per week (see chapter 14). To improve speed, you must stretch correctly.
7. Perform plyometrics twice per week, minimum.
8. Parallel squat. If you squat but don’t go parallel, you will not improve speed maximally. You must squat to parallel, no exceptions!
9. Perform the straight-leg deadlift to strengthen and stretch the glutes and hamstrings at the same time.
10. Practice power cleans to develop an explosive start.

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